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1.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 48: 36-45, nov. 2020. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1254948

ABSTRACT

Azotobacter vinelandii is a gram-negative soil bacterium that produces two biopolymers of biotechnological interest, alginate and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), and it has been widely studied because of its capability to fix nitrogen even in the presence of oxygen. This bacterium is characterized by its high respiration rates, which are almost 10-fold higher than those of Escherichia coli and are a disadvantage for fermentation processes. On the other hand, several works have demonstrated that adequate control of the oxygen supply in A. vinelandii cultivations determines the yields and physicochemical characteristics of alginate and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Here, we summarize a review of the characteristics of A. vinelandii related to its respiration systems, as well as some of the most important findings on the oxygen consumption rates as a function of the cultivation parameters and biopolymer production.


Subject(s)
Respiration , Biopolymers/biosynthesis , Azotobacter vinelandii/physiology , Polyesters , Alginates , Gram-Negative Bacteria/physiology , Hydroxybutyrates , Nitrogen Fixation
2.
San Salvador; s.n; 2014. 31 p. Tab, Ilus.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, BISSAL | ID: biblio-1222928

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar el riesgo toxicológico derivado de la manipulación de mercurio, por el personal de las clínicas odontológicas de las Unidades Comunitarias de Salud Familiar de Mejicanos y Monserrat de San Salvador. Materiales y Métodos: El diseño corresponde a un estudio descriptivo transversal, utilizando una guía de observación y empleando el Método Colorimétrico en vapor frío; para determinar la presencia de vapores mercuriales, producidos durante el proceso de manipulación de la amalgama de plata como material restaurativo dental. Las observaciones y mediciones fueron efectuadas en diferentes horarios de la jornada laboral, en las Unidades Comunitarias de Salud familiar de Mejicanos y Monserrat; durante los meses de Septiembre y Octubre de 2013. Los resultados obtenidos, fueron ingresados a una base de datos y analizados por SPSS 1.8. Los resultados son presentados en tablas de distribución de frecuencias y contingencia Resultados: Al evaluar el manejo de los excedentes de mercurio, se realizó un total de doce guías de observación por cada Unidad Comunitaria de Salud Familiar. En la Unidad Comunitaria de Salud Familiar de Mejicanos se encontró en tres ocasiones, el recipiente con la tapadera enroscada y humedad en su interior. En cinco ocasiones se observó tapado inadecuadamente y siempre con humedad interior. En cuatro se encontró que utilizaban otro tipo de recipientes para el manejo de los excedentes. Con respecto a la cantidad de mercurio empleada durante cuatro semanas, para el consultorio de Mejicanos fue de 2.8 onzas y de 3.5 onzas en el de Monserrat. De un total de dieciséis mediciones, en ambas se encontraron tres valores por arriba del valor límite de 0.05 mg Hg/m³. Uno fue de 0.12 mg Hg /m³ y dos de 0.10 mg Hg/m³. Estos valores exceden al promedio de exposición al cual una persona puede estar expuesta (0.05 mg Hg/m³), sin que presente efectos adversos repetitivos, durante una jornada laboral de 40 horas semanales. Conclusiones: En tres de las dieciséis mediciones, se sobrepasó el límite de saturación de vapores de mercurio, permitido por la NIOSH (0.05 mg Hg /m³). En cuanto al manejo de los excedentes de mercurio, pudo comprobarse que en los consultorios, no se cumple con la Norma Técnica del Ministerio de Salud.


Objective: To determine the toxicological risks associated with handling mercury, by the staff of the dental clinics of the Community Family Health Units of (Unidades Comunitarias de Salud Familiar) Mejicanos and Monserrat of San Salvador. Materials and methods: The design was a descriptive study, using an observation guide and employing the colorimetric method using cold steam to determine the presence of mercury vapor produced during the handling process of silver amalgam as a dental restorative material. The observations and measurements were made at different times of the workday, in the Community Family Health Units of Mejicanos and Montserrat; during September and October 2013. The results obtained, were entered into a database and analyzed by SPSS 1.8. The results are presented in tables of frequency distribution and contingency. Results: In assessing the management of excess of mercury, a total of twelve observation guides were made for each Community Family Health Units (UCSF). In the UCSF of Mejicanos in three separate occasions the container was found with the lid screwed on and humidity in its interior. In five separate occasions the lid was found fastened inadequately and humidity was always found in the inside. Four were found that they utilized a different type of container for the handling of excess. In respect to the amount of mercury used during the four weeks period by the health clinic of Mejicanos the amount was 2.8 ounces, and 3.5 ounces for the health clinic of Montserrat A total of sixteen measurements were taken in total, in both clinics, three positive values were found (method colorimetric cold steam is limited to 0.05 mg Hg /m3 ) the first value of 0.12 mg Hg /m3 and two values of 0.10 mg Hg /m3 each. These values exceed 0.05 mg Hg /m3 which are the average exposure that a worker may be repeatedly exposed to, without adverse effect, over an 8- hour shift and a 40-hour workweek. Conclusions: In three of the sixteen measurements taken, the limit of saturation of mercury vapors allowed by NIOSH (0.05 mg Hg /m³) was exceeded. Regarding the handling of the excess of mercury, it was found that both clinics are not complying with the Technical Regulations of the Ministry of Health.


Subject(s)
Mercury , Dentistry , El Salvador , Mercury Poisoning
3.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 80(2)abr.-jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-505475

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El comportamiento del síndrome de Ehlers Danlos hizo que se interpretara como un subregistro clínico, poco conocido y con escasas referencias. Esta genodermatosis generalmente está condenada a no tener un tratamiento específico. El objetivo del presente estudio fue, principalmente, describir la morbilidad de este síndrome, desde el punto de vista ortopédico. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo de 5 años, que incluyó a todos los pacientes con síndrome de Ehlers Danlos, atendidos en la consulta de ortopedia y traumatología entre julio de 2001 y julio del 2006, en el Hospital Pediátrico Docente José Martí (Sancti Spiritus, Cuba). Se consideró un tiempo mínimo de seguimiento de 6 meses para la validación de los resultados. Resultados. Fueron estudiados 41 pacientes afectos de 72 enfermedades de origen ortopédico. La frecuencia estuvo próxima a 1,7 enfermedades por paciente, con predominio no significativo del sexo femenino (n = 24). Uno de los antecedentes perinatales más importantes fue la presencia de grados diversos de displasia de la cadera. La presencia de otras afecciones no ortopédicas no fue significativa. Los principales hallazgos ortopédicos fueron el pie plano flexible (37), el genus recurvatum (11) y la cifoescoliosis (9). La cirugía estética y la cirugía correctora ortopédica fueron las más utilizadas. Conclusiones. La dispensarización de esta enfermedad y su tratamiento oportuno es un método de control eficaz que ayudaría a evitar la degeneración articular, generalmente antesala de la osteoartrosis.


Introduction. The behavior of Ehlers Danlos syndrome caused it to be interpreted as a clinical subregister, little known, and with a few references. This genodermatosis is generally condemned not to have a specific treatment. The objective of this study was mainly to describe the morbidity of this syndrome from the orthopedic point of view. Methods. A 5-year prospective and descriptive study was conducted among all the patients with Ehlers Danlos syndrome that were seen at the Orthopedics and Traumatology department of José Martí Teaching Pediatric Hospital (Sancti Spiritus, Cuba) from July 2001 to July 2006. A minimum follow-up time of 6 months was considered for the validation of the results. Results. 41 patients affected with 72 diseases of orthopedic origin were studied. The frequency was approximately 1.7 diseases per patient, with a non significant predominance of females (n = 24). One of the most important perinatal antecedents was the presence of diverse hip dysplasia degrees. The presence of other non-orthopedic affections was not remarkable. The main orthopedic findings were the flexible flat foot (37), the genus recurvatum (11) and kyphoscoliosis (9). Aesthetic surgery and the corrective orthopedic surgery were the most used. Conclusions. The categorization of this disease and its timely treatment is an efficient method of control that would help to prevent the articular degeneration that generally precedes osteoarthritis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies
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